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make a cover for

  • 1 obtendo

    ob-tendo, di, tum, 3, v. a.
    I.
    To draw, stretch, spread, or place before (cf. obtego; not freq. till after the Aug. per.).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Proque viro nebulam et ventos obtendere inanes, Verg. A. 10, 82:

    sudarium ante faciem,

    Suet. Ner. 48.— Poet.:

    obtentā nocte,

    i. e. in dark night, Verg. G. 1, 248.—
    2.
    Pass., with mid. force:

    oculis membrana obtenditur,

    spreads over, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 153:

    Britannia Germaniae obtenditur,

    lies over against Germany, Tac. Agr. 10.—
    B.
    Trop., to pretend, allege, plead as an excuse:

    matris preces obtendens,

    Tac. A. 3, 17:

    ad ea Drusus cum arbitrium senatūs obtenderet,

    id. ib. 1, 26:

    valetudinem corporis, aetatem liberūm, nubilem filiam,

    id. ib. 3, 35:

    suae imbecillitati sanitatis appellationem obtendunt,

    Quint. 12, 10, 15: rationem turpitudini, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 15:

    qui delictis suis excusationem carnis obtendet,

    Lact. 4, 24, 10:

    quid poterimus obtendere,

    plead what excuse, Vulg. Gen. 44, 16.—
    II.
    Transf., to cover, hide, conceal.
    A.
    Lit.:

    obtendunt limina silvis,

    Stat. Th. 2, 248:

    lucem pulvere,

    Sil. 10, 228:

    diem nube atrā,

    Tac. H. 3, 56.—
    B.
    Trop., to hide, conceal, envelop:

    quasi velis quibusdam obtenditur uniuscujusque natura,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15.—
    2.
    To spread over, make a cover for:

    Vitellius curis luxum obtendebat,

    i. e. sought a refuge from, Tac. H. 3, 36 init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > obtendo

  • 2 ob-tendō

        ob-tendō dī, tus, ere,    to spread before, stretch over: Pro viro nebulam, V.: obtentā nocte, i. e. in dark night, V.: Britannia Germaniae obtenditur, lies over against, Ta.—To plead as an excuse: matris preces obtendens, Ta.—Fig., to hide, conceal, envelop: quasi velis quibusdam obtenditur uniuscuiusque natura.—To make a cover for: curis luxum, Ta.

    Latin-English dictionary > ob-tendō

  • 3 impleō (in-pl-)

        impleō (in-pl-) ēvī (often implērunt, implēsse, etc., for implēvērunt, etc.), ētus, ēre    [PLE-], to fill up, fill full, make full, fill: libros: (harena) ora inplere solet, S.: frustis esculentis gremium suum: manum pinu flagranti, grasp, V.: gemmis caudam, cover, O.: delubra virorum turbā inplebantur, were thronged, L.: ventis vela, V.: codices earum rerum: ollam denariorum.—To fill, sate, satisfy, satiate: Implentur veteris Bacchi, regale themselves, V.: vis impleri, Iu.—To fill, make fleshy, fatten: nascentes implent conchylia lunae, H.—To make pregnant, impregnate: (Thetidem) Achille, O.—To fill up, complete: Luna implerat cornibus orbem, O.—Fig., to fill, make full: acta Herculis implerant terras, O.: urbs impletur (sc. contagione morbi), L.: ceras, cover with writing, Iu.: urbem tumultu, L.: milites praedā, satisfy, L.: lacrimis dolorem, Ta.: sese sociorum sanguine: te ager vitibus implet, enriches, Iu.: sermonibus diem, spends, O.: Minyae clamoribus implent (Iasonem), i. e. inflame, O.: inpletae modis saturae, perfectly set to music, L.: adulescentem suae temeritatis, L.: multitudinem religionis, L.—To fill up, make out, complete, finish, end: annum, O.: quater undenos Decembrīs, H.: impleta ut essent VI milia armatorum, L.: numerum, Iu.: Graecorum (poetarum) catervas, complete (by joining), H.: finem vitae, Ta.— To fulfil, discharge, execute, satisfy, content: id profiteri, quod non possim implere: partīs adsensibus, O.: vera bona, Ta.: fata, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > impleō (in-pl-)

  • 4 onero

    ŏnĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [onus].
    I.
    To load, lade, burden, freight with any thing (class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    navim magnam multis mercibus,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 25:

    naves, ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque, paulo facit humiliores,

    for loading expeditiously, Caes. B. G. 5, 1:

    jumenta,

    Sall. J. 75, 6:

    naves commeatu, etc.,

    id. ib. 86, 1:

    costas aselli pomis,

    Verg. G. 1, 274:

    tauri cervix oneratur aratro,

    is loaded, burdened, Ov. A. A. 1, 19:

    aures lapillis,

    id. ib. 3, 129; cf.:

    umerum pallio,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 4:

    ventrem,

    to load, fill, Sall. Or. Rep. Ord. 1:

    epulis onerari,

    to overload, gorge one's self, Ov. P. 1, 10, 31:

    vino et epulis onerati,

    Sall. J. 76, 6:

    cibus, qui in aegritudine alat neque oneret,

    without oppressing the stomach, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 48:

    vaccas,

    to cause them to be covered, Pall. 8, 4.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen., to load, cover ( poet.):

    dapibus mensas onerare,

    to cover, Verg. G. 4, 133:

    manusque ambas jaculis oneravit acutis,

    id. A. 10, 868:

    jaculo palmas oneravit acuto,

    i. e. armed, id. ib. 11, 574 (but armavit is the better read.; v. Forbig. ad loc.): membra [p. 1266] sepulcro, id. ib. 10, 558; cf.:

    ossa aggere terrae,

    id. ib. 11, 212:

    aliquem saxis,

    to stone, Phaedr. 3, 2, 4.—
    B.
    Trop., to load, burden, weary; to oppress, overwhelm, overload (with good or evil; cf. Forbig. ad Verg. A. 10, 620), etc.:

    me amoenitate oneravit dies,

    has overwhelmed me, Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 7.:

    laetitiā senem,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 47:

    malignitateomnis mortalis,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 5:

    diem commoditatibus,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1:

    aliquem mendaciis,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 7; cf. Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 61:

    judicem argumentis,

    id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:

    aethera votis,

    Verg. A. 9, 24:

    verbis lassas onerantibus aures,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 10:

    aliquem pugnis,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 172:

    maledictis,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 123; cf.

    contumeliis,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99; for which only absol. Sejanum, Tac. A. 4. 68:

    aliquem injuriis,

    Ter. And. 5, 1, 8:

    aliquem malis,

    Verg. A. 4, 549:

    aliquem laudibus,

    Liv. 4, 13:

    spe praemiorum,

    id. 35, 11:

    promissis,

    Sall. J. 12, 3:

    honoribus,

    Just. 5, 4, 13.—
    C.
    Transf., to make heavier or more burdensome, to render more oppressive, to heighten, to aggravate (only since the Aug. per.;

    esp. freq. in Tac. and the younger Plin.): injuriam alicujus invidiā,

    Liv. 38, 56 fin.:

    pericula alicujus,

    Tac. A. 16, 30:

    curas,

    id. H. 2, 52:

    delectum avaritiā et luxu,

    to aggravate, make worse, render more odious, id. ib. 4, 14:

    onerat te quaesturae tuae famā, quam ex Bithyniā optimam revexisti,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 8; 1, 8, 5; id. Pan. 24, 1; 73, 6.—
    II.
    To load, stow, or heap up any thing in any thing ( poet.):

    vina cadis,

    Verg. A. 1, 195:

    canistris Dona Cereris,

    id. ib. 8, 180.— Hence, ŏnĕrātus, a, um, P. a., filled, full; with gen.: oneratus frugum et floris Liberi, Pac. ap. Non. 498, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 95 Rib.).—
    B.
    Loaded, i. e. deceived, befooled:

    ille est oneratus recte,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

    ego illum probe jam oneratum huc admovebo,

    id. Mil. 3, 3, 61.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > onero

  • 5 aperio

    ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
    I.
    Lit.:

    patinas,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

    apertis lateribus,

    Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

    capite aperto esse,

    Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

    p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

    caput aperuit,

    id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

    capita,

    Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

    aperto pectore,

    Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

    apertae pectora matres,

    id. ib. 13, 688:

    ramum,

    Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

    dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

    id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

    densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

    Tac. Agr. 38:

    lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

    Liv. 3, 15:

    novam aciem dies aperuit,

    Tac. H. 4, 29:

    his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

    opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    aperite aliquis ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

    forem aperi,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

    fores,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

    januas carceris,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

    fenestram,

    ib. Gen. 8, 6:

    liquidas vias,

    to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

    sucum venis fundere apertis,

    to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

    saccum,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

    os,

    ib. ib. 22, 28:

    labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

    ib. Act. 9, 8:

    accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

    6, 3: aperire librum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

    testamentum,

    Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

    testamentum resignare,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

    sigillum aperire,

    to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

    ferro iter aperiundum est,

    Sall. C. 58, 7:

    locum... asylum,

    to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

    subterraneos specus,

    Tac. G. 16:

    navigantibus maria,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    arbor florem aperit,

    id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

    aures aperire,

    to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

    multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

    tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

    id. Fam. 6, 11:

    philosophiae fontes,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

    alicujus cor aperire,

    ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

    occasionem ad invadendum,

    id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

    Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

    annum,

    Verg. G. 1, 217:

    contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

    Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

    Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

    fuste aperire caput,

    i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
    B.
    Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

    most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

    Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

    Syriam,

    Tac. A. 2, 70:

    omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

    id. H. 4, 64:

    novas gentes,

    id. Agr. 22:

    gentes ac reges,

    id. G. 1:

    Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

    Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

    Eoas,

    id. 4, 352:

    pelagus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
    C.
    Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

    occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

    id. Or. 33, 116:

    alicui scripturas aperire,

    Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

    tua probra aperibo omnia,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

    hi partem aperient,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

    non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

    eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

    Sall. C. 40, 6:

    naturam et mores,

    id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

    lux fugam hostium aperuit,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    aperiri error poterat,

    id. 26, 10:

    casus aperire futuros,

    to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

    futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

    tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

    studio aperimur in ipso,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

    exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

    cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

    Liv. 44, 28:

    domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

    Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

    the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

    naves apertae,

    without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

    locus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

    caelo invectus aperto,

    Verg. A. 1, 155:

    aether,

    id. ib. 1, 587:

    aperta serena prospicere,

    id. G. 1, 393.—
    2.
    Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

    Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

    since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

    oculi,

    id. 4, 339:

    oculorum lumine aperto,

    id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

    nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

    caelum patens atque apertum,

    id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

    vidit caelos apertos,

    Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

    apertus et propatulus locus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

    iter,

    Liv. 31, 2:

    apertior aditus ad moenia,

    id. 9, 28:

    campi,

    id. 38, 3:

    per apertum limitem (viae),

    Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

    fenestrae,

    Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

    ostia,

    ib. ib. 13, 39:

    aequor,

    Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

    in aperto,

    Lucr. 3, 604:

    per apertum fugientes,

    Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

    impetum ex aperto facerent,

    Liv. 35, 5:

    castra in aperto posita,

    id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

    volantem in aperto,

    Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

    in aperta prodeunt,

    id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

    disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

    Tac. A. 2, 23.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

    nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

    nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

    cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

    simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

    id. Manil. 24:

    quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

    quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

    Liv. 41, 24:

    non furtim, sed vi aperta,

    id. 25, 24:

    apertus animi motus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 21:

    invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

    Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

    multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
    b.
    Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
    (α).
    To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

    ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

    Sall. J. 5, 3.—
    (β).
    To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

    agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

    there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

    hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

    id. H. 3, 56:

    vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

    id. Agr. 33.—
    2.
    Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

    animus apertus et simplex,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

    pectus,

    id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
    I.
    In gen.:

    tam aperte irridens,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

    ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27:

    aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

    aperte revelari,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

    non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

    Tac. A. 11, 28:

    aperte adulari,

    Cic. Am. 26, 99:

    aperte mentiri,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

    aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

    cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

    ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

    hinc empta apertissime praetura,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

    equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

    id. Har. Resp. 30:

    largiri,

    id. ib. 56:

    praedari,

    id. Verr. 1, 130.—
    II.
    Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

    nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

    aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

    Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

    Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

    narrare,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

    scribere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

    Planius atque apertius dicam,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

    distinguere,

    Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

    istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

    aliquid apertissime ostendere,

    Quint. 5, 12, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aperio

  • 6 aperte

    ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
    I.
    Lit.:

    patinas,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

    apertis lateribus,

    Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

    capite aperto esse,

    Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

    p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

    caput aperuit,

    id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

    capita,

    Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

    aperto pectore,

    Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

    apertae pectora matres,

    id. ib. 13, 688:

    ramum,

    Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

    dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

    id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

    densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

    Tac. Agr. 38:

    lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

    Liv. 3, 15:

    novam aciem dies aperuit,

    Tac. H. 4, 29:

    his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

    opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    aperite aliquis ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

    forem aperi,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

    fores,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

    januas carceris,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

    fenestram,

    ib. Gen. 8, 6:

    liquidas vias,

    to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

    sucum venis fundere apertis,

    to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

    saccum,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

    os,

    ib. ib. 22, 28:

    labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

    ib. Act. 9, 8:

    accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

    6, 3: aperire librum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

    testamentum,

    Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

    testamentum resignare,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

    sigillum aperire,

    to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

    ferro iter aperiundum est,

    Sall. C. 58, 7:

    locum... asylum,

    to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

    subterraneos specus,

    Tac. G. 16:

    navigantibus maria,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    arbor florem aperit,

    id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

    aures aperire,

    to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

    multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

    tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

    id. Fam. 6, 11:

    philosophiae fontes,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

    alicujus cor aperire,

    ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

    occasionem ad invadendum,

    id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

    Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

    annum,

    Verg. G. 1, 217:

    contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

    Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

    Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

    fuste aperire caput,

    i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
    B.
    Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

    most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

    Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

    Syriam,

    Tac. A. 2, 70:

    omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

    id. H. 4, 64:

    novas gentes,

    id. Agr. 22:

    gentes ac reges,

    id. G. 1:

    Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

    Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

    Eoas,

    id. 4, 352:

    pelagus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
    C.
    Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

    occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

    id. Or. 33, 116:

    alicui scripturas aperire,

    Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

    tua probra aperibo omnia,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

    hi partem aperient,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

    non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

    eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

    Sall. C. 40, 6:

    naturam et mores,

    id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

    lux fugam hostium aperuit,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    aperiri error poterat,

    id. 26, 10:

    casus aperire futuros,

    to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

    futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

    tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

    studio aperimur in ipso,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

    exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

    cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

    Liv. 44, 28:

    domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

    Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

    the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

    naves apertae,

    without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

    locus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

    caelo invectus aperto,

    Verg. A. 1, 155:

    aether,

    id. ib. 1, 587:

    aperta serena prospicere,

    id. G. 1, 393.—
    2.
    Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

    Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

    since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

    oculi,

    id. 4, 339:

    oculorum lumine aperto,

    id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

    nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

    caelum patens atque apertum,

    id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

    vidit caelos apertos,

    Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

    apertus et propatulus locus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

    iter,

    Liv. 31, 2:

    apertior aditus ad moenia,

    id. 9, 28:

    campi,

    id. 38, 3:

    per apertum limitem (viae),

    Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

    fenestrae,

    Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

    ostia,

    ib. ib. 13, 39:

    aequor,

    Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

    in aperto,

    Lucr. 3, 604:

    per apertum fugientes,

    Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

    impetum ex aperto facerent,

    Liv. 35, 5:

    castra in aperto posita,

    id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

    volantem in aperto,

    Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

    in aperta prodeunt,

    id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

    disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

    Tac. A. 2, 23.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

    nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

    nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

    cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

    simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

    id. Manil. 24:

    quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

    quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

    Liv. 41, 24:

    non furtim, sed vi aperta,

    id. 25, 24:

    apertus animi motus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 21:

    invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

    Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

    multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
    b.
    Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
    (α).
    To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

    ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

    Sall. J. 5, 3.—
    (β).
    To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

    agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

    there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

    hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

    id. H. 3, 56:

    vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

    id. Agr. 33.—
    2.
    Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

    animus apertus et simplex,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

    pectus,

    id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
    I.
    In gen.:

    tam aperte irridens,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

    ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27:

    aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

    aperte revelari,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

    non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

    Tac. A. 11, 28:

    aperte adulari,

    Cic. Am. 26, 99:

    aperte mentiri,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

    aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

    cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

    ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

    hinc empta apertissime praetura,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

    equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

    id. Har. Resp. 30:

    largiri,

    id. ib. 56:

    praedari,

    id. Verr. 1, 130.—
    II.
    Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

    nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

    aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

    Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

    Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

    narrare,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

    scribere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

    Planius atque apertius dicam,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

    distinguere,

    Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

    istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

    aliquid apertissime ostendere,

    Quint. 5, 12, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aperte

  • 7 sterno

    sterno, strāvi, strātum, 3 ( pluperf. sync. strarat, Manil. 1, 774: strasset, Varr. ap. Non. 86, 8), v. a. [Gr. root STOR, storennumi, to spread; stratos, camp; Sanscr. star- strnāmi = sterno; cf.: strages, struo, torus, and lātus, adj., old Lat. stlatus], to spread out, spread abroad; to stretch out, extend.
    I.
    Lit. (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose; in Cic. only in the part. perf.; cf.:

    effundo, extendo, subicio, subdo): vestes,

    Ov. M. 8, 658:

    in duro vellus solo,

    id. F. 4, 654:

    bubulos utres ponte,

    Plin. 6, 29, 34, § 176:

    hic glarea dura Sternitur,

    Tib. 1, 7, 60:

    natas sub aequore virgas Sternit,

    i. e. scatters, strews, Ov. M. 4, 743:

    harenam,

    id. F. 3, 813; id. Am. 2, 14, 8:

    herbas,

    id. M. 7, 254:

    poma passim,

    Verg. E. 7, 54:

    spongeas ad lunam et pruinas,

    Plin. 31, 11. [p. 1758] 47, §

    123: arma per flores,

    Grat. Cyneg. 487:

    fessi sternunt corpora,

    stretch out their bodies, lie down, Liv. 27, 47, 9; cf.:

    sternunt se somno diversae in litore phocae,

    Verg. G. 4, 432.—Mid.:

    sternimur optatae gremio telluris,

    Verg. A. 3, 509; and:

    in Capitolinas certatim scanditur arces Sternunturque Jovi,

    Sil. 12, 340.— Part. perf.: strātus, a, um, stretched out, lying down, prostrate (syn. prostratus): strata terrae, Enn. ap. Non. 172, 20 (Trag. v. 370 Vahl.):

    nos humi strati,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22:

    quidam somno etiam strati,

    Liv. 37, 20, 5:

    ad pedes strati,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:

    stratum jacere et genua complecti,

    Quint. 6, 1, 34:

    nunc viridi membra sub arbuto Stratus,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 21.—
    2.
    Of places, to extend:

    insulae Frisiorum, Chaucorum, etc.... sternuntur inter Helium ac Flevum,

    stretch out, extend, Plin. 4, 15, 29, § 101; 3, 5, 9, § 60;

    hence, vites stratae,

    spreading, Col. 5, 4, 2 (for Nep. Milt. 5, 3, v. under rarus, II. A.).—
    B.
    In partic., to spread a thing out flat, i. e. to smooth, level (mostly poet.):

    sternere aequor aquis,

    Verg. A. 8, 89; cf.:

    placidi straverunt aequora venti,

    id. ib. 5, 763:

    nunc omne tibi stratum silet aequor,

    id. E. 9, 57:

    pontum,

    Ov. M. 11, 501:

    mare,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125:

    stratoque super discumbitur ostro,

    Verg. A. 1, 700:

    viam per mare,

    smoothed, levelled, Lucr. 3, 1030 (acc. to the Gr. hodon storennumi):

    stratum militari labore iter,

    Quint. 2, 13, 16; so,

    hoc iter Alpes, Hoc Cannae stravere tibi,

    Sil. 12, 514;

    and trop.: praesens tibi fama benignum Stravit iter,

    Stat. Th. 12, 813.—
    * 2.
    Trop. (the figure borrowed from the sea), to calm, still, moderate:

    odia militum,

    Tac. H. 1, 58 (cf.:

    constrata ira,

    Stat. S. 2, 5, 1).—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    To cover, cover over (by spreading something out; the predom. class. signif. of the word; cf. obtendo).
    1.
    Of a couch, bed, etc., to spread, prepare, arrange, make:

    lectus vestimentis stratus est,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 30; cf.:

    strata cubilia sunt herbis,

    Lucr. 5, 1417:

    rogatus est a Maximo, ut triclinium sterneret... Atque ille stravit pelliculis haedinis lectulos Punicanos,

    Cic. Mur. 36, 75; so,

    lectum, lectos, biclinium, triclinia, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 33; id. Most. 1, 4, 14; id. Men. 2, 3, 3; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 70; id. Ps. 1, 2, 31; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 73; id. Ad. 2, 4, 21; Cic. Clu. 5, 14; id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61; Hirt. B. G. 8, 51:

    his foliis cubitus sternere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 59:

    torum frondibus,

    Juv. 6, 5:

    strata cathedra,

    cushioned, id. 9, 52; cf. also, ARCERAM NE STERNITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25; and absol.:

    jubet sterni sibi in primā domus parte (sc. lectum),

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7.—
    2.
    Esp., places, to cover; of a way, road, path, etc., to pave:

    aspreta erant strata saxis,

    Liv. 9, 35, 2:

    via strata,

    id. 8, 15, 8:

    semitam saxo quadrato straverunt,

    id. 10, 23 fin.; so,

    vias silice... clivum Capitolinum silice... emporium lapide,

    id. 41, 27, 5 sq.; and absol.:

    locum illum sternendum locare,

    Cic. Att. 14, 15, 2:

    pavimentum stratum lapide,

    Vulg. Ezech. 40, 17:

    viam lapide,

    Dig. 43, 11, 1.—
    3.
    To saddle:

    equos,

    Liv. 37, 20, 12; 37, 20, 4; Veg. 5, 77:

    asinum,

    Vulg. Gen. 22, 3.—
    4.
    In gen., to cover, spread:

    argento sternunt iter omne viarum,

    Lucr. 2, 626:

    foliis nemus Multis et algā litus inutili tempestas Sternet,

    will strew over, bestrew, Hor. C. 3, 17, 12:

    congeriem silvae vellere summam,

    Ov. M. 9, 236:

    litora nive,

    Val. Fl. 5, 175:

    harenam Circi chrysocolla,

    Plin. 33, 5, 27, § 90:

    solum telis,

    Verg. A. 9, 666:

    Tyrrhenas valles caedibus,

    Sil. 6, 602:

    strati bacis silvestribus agri,

    Verg. G. 2, 183:

    ante aras terram caesi stravere juvenci,

    covered, id. A. 8, 719.—
    B.
    To stretch out by flinging down, to throw down, stretch on the ground, throw to the ground, overthrow, prostrate (mostly poet., esp. in Verg.; in prose not before the Aug. period; in Cic. only once in the trop. sense; v. the foll.; cf.

    profligo): cujus casus prolapsi cum proximos sterneret,

    Liv. 5, 47:

    circa jacentem ducem sterne Gallorum catervas,

    id. 7, 26, 8:

    turbam invadite ac sternite omnia ferro,

    id. 24, 38, 7:

    alius sit fortis in armis, Sternat et adversos Marte favente duces,

    Tib. 1, 10, 30:

    caede viros,

    Verg. A. 10, 119:

    aliquem leto,

    id. ib. 8, 566:

    morte,

    id. ib. 11, 796; Liv. 31, 21, 15; Ov. M. 12, 604:

    adversā prensis a fronte capillis Stravit humi pronam,

    id. ib. 2, 477: primosque et extremos Stravit humum, Hor. C. 4, 14, 32:

    sternitur volnere,

    Verg. A. 10, 781:

    impetus per stratos caede hostes,

    Liv. 4, 29, 1:

    aliquem morti,

    Verg. A. 12, 464:

    irae Thyesten exitio gravi Stravere,

    Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:

    corpore toto Sternitur in vultus,

    Stat. Th. 12, 318:

    sternitur, et toto projectus corpore terrae,

    Verg. A. 11, 87:

    toto praecipitem sternit,

    Sil. 4, 182:

    hostes,

    Just. 2, 11, 13:

    Ajax stravit ferro pecus,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 202:

    sternitur et procumbit humi bos,

    Verg. A. 5, 481:

    strata belua texit humum,

    Ov. H. 10, 106:

    rapidus torrens Sternit agros, sternit sata laeta,

    Verg. A. 2, 306:

    moenia,

    to overthrow, demolish, Ov. M. 12, 550; cf.:

    stratis ariete muris,

    Liv. 1, 29, 2:

    sternit a culmine Trojam,

    Verg. A. 2, 603; so,

    (elephanti) stabula Indorum dentibus sternunt,

    Plin. 8, 9, 9, § 27.—
    2.
    Trop. (rare):

    deorum plagā perculsi, afflictos se et stratos esse fatentur,

    cast down, prostrated, Cic. Tusc. 3, 29, 72:

    mortalia corda Per gentes humiles stravit pavor,

    Verg. G. 1, 331:

    virtus populi Romani haec omnia strata humi erexit ac sustulit,

    Liv. 26, 41, 12:

    stratā Germaniā,

    subdued, Amm. 16, 1, 5.—Hence, strātus, a, um, P. a.; as substt.
    A.
    strāta, ae, f. (sc. via), a paved road or way (post-class.), Eutr. 9, 15:

    amplas sternite jam stratas,

    Juvenc. 1, 315:

    in margine stratae,

    id. 3, 656.—
    B.
    strātum, i, n. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; not in Cic.; acc. to II. A.).—
    1.
    A bed-covering, a coverlet, quilt, blanket; a pillow, bolster:

    lecti mollia strata,

    Lucr. 4, 849:

    proripere se e strato,

    Suet. Calig. 51; Ov. M. 5, 34; 10, 267.—
    b.
    Meton. (pars pro toto), a bed, couch:

    haud segnis strato surgit Palinurus,

    Verg. A. 3, 513; cf. id. ib. 8, 415;

    3, 176: tale,

    Nep. Ages. 8:

    quies neque molli strato neque silentio arcessita,

    Liv. 21, 4, 7.— Plur.:

    strataque quae membris intepuere tuis,

    Ov. H. 10, 54:

    dura,

    id. Am. 1, 2, 2; Luc. 1, 239.—Once also (sc. lectus) in the masc., Favorin. ap. Gell. 15, 8, 2.—
    2.
    A horsecloth, housing, a saddle, Ov. M. 8, 33; Liv. 7, 14, 7; Sen. Ep. 80, 9; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202. —Prov.:

    qui asinum non potest, stratum caedit (v. asinum),

    Petr. 45, 8.—
    3.
    A pavement:

    saxea viarum,

    Lucr. 1, 315; 4, 415: extraneum, Petr. poët. 55, 6, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sterno

  • 8 cingo

    cingo, xi, nctum, 3, v. a. [cf. Gr kullos, kurtos;

    Lat. curvus, and clingo,

    Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 545 sq. ], to go round in a circle, to surround, encompass, environ, gird, wreathe, crown, etc. (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Prop
    A.
    In gen.:

    quid autem interius mente? Cingatur igitur corpore externo,

    i. e. it must be enclosed in a body, Cic. N. D 1, 11, 27:

    non enim coronà consessus vester cinctus est, ut solebat,

    id. Mil. 1, 1; cf.:

    judicium insolitā trepidum cinxere coronă,

    Luc. 1, 321;

    tris (navīs) Eurus... Inhdit vadis atque aggere cingit harenae,

    Verg. A 1, 112: cincta serpentibus Hydra, id. ib 7, 658: pennae ritu coepere volucrum Cingere utrumque latus, to cover, Ov M. 6, 718, apio fasces et secto cingere porro, Col. 10, 371.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To surround the body with a girdle, to gird on (the sword), to gird; esp. freq in pass. with abl., to be girded, encircled with something. iam quasi zonā, liene cinctus ambulo, Plaut Curc. 2, 1, 5; Curt. 3, 3, 19; cf.:

    cui lati clavi jus erit, ita cingatur, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 138:

    ut cingeretur fluxiore cincturā,

    Suet. Caes. 45:

    Hispano cingitur gladio,

    Liv. 7, 10, 5; 38, 21, 13; Suet. Calig 49:

    ferro,

    id. Aug. 35: ense, Ov F. 2, 13: cingor fulgentibus armis, Verg A. 2, 749; 11, 188, 11, 536; his cingi telis, id ib. 2, 520: ense latus cingit, Ov F. 2, 784; cf. Stat. Th. 4, 41:

    cinctas resolvite vestes, Ov M. 1, 382. filios balteis,

    Vulg. Lev 8, 13.— Poet., in pass with acc. (cf. accingor, II., and Zumpt, Gr §

    458): inutile ferrum Cingitur,

    Verg. A. 2, 511: cinctaeque ad pectora vestes Bracchia docta movent, Ov M. 6, 59.—Without case: Syrinx, Ov M. 1, 695;

    puer alte cinctus,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 10.—Hence, in late Lat. cinctus = armis instructus, armatus, armed, equipped, enrolled:

    cinctus in aliā militiā,

    Dig. 39, 1, 38; cf. ib. 39, 1, 25.—As a girding up of the Roman dress was necessary in pursuits requiring physical action, hence, cingor (cf accingor), to make one ' s self ready for any thing, to prepare:

    cingitur, certe expedit se,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 152;

    cingitur ipse furens certatim in proelia Turnus,

    Verg. A. 11, 486; cf.

    supra,

    Quint. 11, 3, 138; Hor S. 2, 8, 10; Ov. M. 6, 59.—
    2.
    To encircle with a garland or crown, to crown (freq., esp in the poets).
    a.
    Of the head:

    muralique caput summum cinxere coronā,

    Lucr. 2, 607; cf.

    Ov A. A. 3, 392 tempora floribus,

    Hor. C. 3, 25, 20;

    Verg A. 5, 71: spicis,

    Tib. 2, 1, 4 et saep.:

    comam lauro,

    Hor. C. 3, 30, 16; cf.:

    Graias barbara vitta comas,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 78; Verg. A. 12, 163: de tenero cingite flore caput, Ov F 3, 254.— Poet.:

    Atlantis, cinctum assidue cui nubibus atris Piniferum caput et vento pulsatur et imbri,

    Verg. A. 4, 248; 7, 658; Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—
    b.
    To encircle other parts of the body:

    cujus lacertos anuli mei cingant,

    Mart. 11, 100, 2.—
    3.
    Of places, to surround, encircle, invest, enclose (the prevailing signif. in prose, esp. in the histt.; syn.: circumdo, claudo): (Tellus) oras maris undique cingens, Lucr. 6, 633; Cat. 64, 185; 64, 286:

    flumen Dubis paene totum oppidum cingit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38 provincia mari cincta, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:

    urbe portus ipse cingitur et continetur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 37, § 96 Zumpt:

    quod moenibus cingebatur,

    Tac. A. 13, 41:

    quae (terra) magnā ex parte cingitur fluctibus, speciem insulae praebet, etc.,

    Curt. 3, 1, 13; 8, 10, 23; Ov A. A. 2, 469: cingitur insula tribus millibus passuum, i.e. has a circuit of, etc., Plin. 6, 12, 13, § 32.— Poet.:

    cinxerunt aethera nimbi,

    covered, Verg. A. 5, 13:

    medium diem cinxere tenebrae,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 939.— Trop.;

    diligentius urbem religione quam ipsis moenibus cingitis,

    fortify, Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94.—
    4.
    In milit. lang., to surround a place or army for defence or in a hostile manner, to fortify, to invest, be set, besiege:

    coronā militum cincta urbs,

    Liv. 7, 27, 7: castra vallo, id 7, 39, 8 equites cornua cinxere. covered, id. 23, 29, 3:

    ultimum agmen validā manu,

    to cover, Curt. 4, 13, 30:

    urbem obsidione,

    to besieye, Verg. A. 3, 52;

    dextera cingitur amni,

    id. ib. 9, 469:

    (hostem) stationibus in modum obsidii,

    Tac. A. 6, 34:

    cingi ab armis hostium,

    Ov. P. 2, 8, 69; Tib. 2, 3, 37, Prop. 3 (4), 3, 42.—Trop Sicilia multis undique cincta persons. Cio. Imp. Pomp 11, 30.—
    5.
    To escort, to accompany inermi item regi praetor Achaeorum et unus ex purpuratis latus cingebant, Liv 32, 39, 8:

    dum latus sancti cingit tibi turba senatus, Ov P. 4, 9, 17: nec noscitur ulli, Agminibus comitum qui mode cinctus erat,

    id. Tr. 1, 5, 30:

    cincta virgo matrum catervā, id M. 12, 216, Vell 2, 14, 1,

    Tac. A. 1, 77;

    Sil 4, 448,

    Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 322 —
    C.
    To peel off the bark around:

    cingere est deglabrare,

    Dig. 47, 7, 6 Pr, cf. Plin 17, 24, 37, § 234 sqq.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cingo

  • 9 compleo

    com-plĕo ( conp-), ēvi, ētum, 2 (contr. forms: complerunt, complerint, complerat, complesse, etc., for compleverunt, etc., very often), v. a. [pleo, whence suppleo, plenus], to fill up, fill full, fill out (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit., of material objects.
    A.
    In gen., with acc. of place, vessel, etc., filled.
    (α).
    Alone:

    hostes fossam complent,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 16; Tac. H. 2, 25:

    tune aut inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita conpleta et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

    metu, ne compleantur navigia,

    Liv. 41, 3, 2:

    deducunt socii navis et litora conplent,

    Verg. A. 3, 71:

    conplebant Laidos aedes (amatores),

    Prop. 2, 6, 1:

    corpora quae loca complerent,

    occupy space, Lucr. 1, 522:

    legiones cum loca Camporum complent,

    id. 2, 324:

    milites complent murum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 27:

    vigiles domum Flavii complevere,

    Tac. H. 3, 69; id. A. 15, 33:

    scrobem ad medium,

    Col. Arb. 4, 5:

    non bene urnam,

    Ov. M. 12, 616:

    vascula,

    Quint. 1, 2, 28:

    paginam,

    to fill out, write full, Cic. Att. 13, 34 fin.:

    speluncas, of the winds,

    Lucr. 6, 197.—
    (β).
    With abl. of material, etc.:

    fossas sarmentis et virgultis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 18:

    totum prope caelum... humano genere conpletum est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28:

    mundum animorum multitudine,

    id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    bestiis omnium gentium circum conplere,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4:

    naufragorum trepidatione passim natantium flumen conpleverunt,

    id. 42, 62, 6:

    Hispanias Gallias Italiam monumentis ingentium rerum,

    id. 30, 28, 4:

    quos (gradus) ubi accusator concitatis hominibus complerat,

    Cic. Clu. 34, 93:

    munus Apolline dignum libris,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 217:

    late loca milite,

    Verg. A. 2, 495:

    naves serpentibus,

    Nep. Hann. 11, 6:

    amphoras plumbo,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    statuas aëneas pecuniā,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    horrea messibus,

    Luc. 3, 66:

    complentur moenia et tecta maerentium turbā,

    Tac. A. 3, 1:

    Palatium multitudine et clamoribus complebant,

    id. ib. 14, 61:

    virgultibus et cratibus et corporibus exanimis complere lossas,

    id. ib. 4, 51; cf.

    also: et terrae... stirpium renovatione complentur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    conviviumque vicinorum cottidie conpleo,

    Cic. Sen. 14, 46:

    cum completus jam mercatorum carcer esset,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

    quae causa... ararum conpleverit urbis,

    Lucr. 5, 1162.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In milit. lang.
    a.
    To make the army, a legion, etc., of a full number, to complete, fill up:

    legiones in itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

    cohortes pro numero militum complet,

    Sall. C. 56, 1; Nep. Milt. 5, 1:

    legione completā per maniplos,

    Sil. 8, 119.—
    b.
    To man, fill with men:

    classem Romanam sociis navalibus,

    Liv. 24, 11, 9:

    naves colonis pastoribusque,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 56; cf.:

    has (naves) sagittariis tormentisque compleverunt,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    naves bis denas aut plures,

    Verg. A. 11, 327 Serv.—
    2.
    To fill, impregnate:

    alias (mulieres),

    Lucr. 4, 1249; 4, 1275.—
    3.
    Transf., of light, sound, etc. (freq.).
    a.
    To fill with light, maké full:

    ut cuncta suā luce conpleat (sol),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    mundum suā luce,

    id. N. D. 2, 46, 119:

    terras largā luce,

    id. ib. 2, 19, 43:

    orbem (luna),

    Tib. 2, 4, 18:

    lunae se cornua lumine complent,

    Verg. A. 3, 645:

    quod maria ac terras omnis caelumque rigando Conpleat (sol),

    Lucr. 5, 595.—
    b.
    To fill with sound, cause to resound, etc., to fill, make full:

    omnia clamoribus,

    Lucr. 4, 1014:

    omnia vocibus,

    id. 5, 1065:

    nemus querellis,

    id. 2, 358; cf.:

    nemus timendā voce,

    Hor. Epod. 6, 9:

    aëra tinnitibus et murmure,

    Ov. M. 14, 537:

    atria ululatu,

    id. ib. 5, 153:

    atria fremitu,

    id. ib. 5, 3 et saep.:

    fremitu aequora,

    Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 37:

    aures (sonus),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    caelum clamore,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 798: aures sermonibus, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olyb. 31: clamor omnia variis terrentium ac paventium vocibus complet, Liv. 5, 21, 11.—
    c.
    Of odors, etc.:

    omnia primo motu ac spiritu suo, vini, unguenti, corporis odore complesset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 31; cf. Veg. Vet. 1, 17, 3. —
    4.
    Transf., to cover, overwhelm:

    Dianam (i. e. simulacrum) coronis et floribus,

    i. e. to deck, adorn, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77:

    vortentibus Telebois telis conplebantur corpora,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 95.—
    5.
    To fill, sate with food or drink:

    multo cibo et potione,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

    se flore Liberi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8:

    haec avis scribitur conchis se solere conplere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To supply fully, furnish abundantly:

    exercitum omni copiā,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin. —
    B.
    To fill with any notion, story, desire, humor, passion:

    completi sunt animi auresque vestrae, me... obsistere, etc.,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    reliquos (milites) bonā spe,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

    aliquem gaudio,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69:

    taedio,

    Quint. 8, 6, 14:

    animos robore,

    Luc. 5, 412:

    omnia luctu,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    omnia terrore,

    Liv. 34, 9, 13:

    cuncta pavore,

    Curt. 3, 13, 10 al. —With gen.:

    aliquem erroris et dementiae,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 9:

    aliquem flagitii et formidinis,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 3.—
    C.
    To make complete or perfect, to finish; of a promise, to fulfil it:

    lustrationem (annuam) menstruo spatio (luna),

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87; cf. Verg. A. 5, 46:

    his rebus completis legiones reduci jussit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 (Dinter, ex conj., comparatis):

    nocturnum erat sacrum, ita ut ante mediam noctem conpleretur,

    Liv. 23, 35, 15:

    studia,

    Gell. 13, 5:

    conplent ea beatissimam vitam,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71; cf. id. ib. 3, 13, 43; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

    summam promissi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 49, § 116:

    rerum humanarum sorte completā,

    Curt. 10, 6, 6 al. —
    2.
    Of time, to finish, complete:

    Gorgias centum et septem conplevit annos,

    Cic. Sen. 5, 13:

    cum VII. et LXX. annos complesset,

    Nep. Att. 21, 1:

    Corvinus centesimum annum complevit,

    Val. Max. 8, 13, 1; Lact. Op. Dei, 4, 3; cf.:

    sua fata,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 77:

    sua tempora,

    id. M. 15, 816:

    quinque saecula vitae suae,

    id. ib. 15, 395:

    materna tempora,

    i. e. the time of pregnancy, id. ib. 3, 312; cf. id. ib. 11, 311:

    semel quadrigis, semel desultore misso, vix unius horae tempus utrumque curriculum conplebat,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4.—Hence, complētus, a, um, P. a.
    * A.
    Prop., filled full, full: alveus Tiberis ruderibus, * Suet. Aug. 30.—
    B.
    Trop., complete, perfect:

    completus et perfectus verborum ambitus,

    Cic. Or. 50, 168.—
    * Comp., Gell. 1, 7, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > compleo

  • 10 conpleo

    com-plĕo ( conp-), ēvi, ētum, 2 (contr. forms: complerunt, complerint, complerat, complesse, etc., for compleverunt, etc., very often), v. a. [pleo, whence suppleo, plenus], to fill up, fill full, fill out (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit., of material objects.
    A.
    In gen., with acc. of place, vessel, etc., filled.
    (α).
    Alone:

    hostes fossam complent,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 16; Tac. H. 2, 25:

    tune aut inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita conpleta et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

    metu, ne compleantur navigia,

    Liv. 41, 3, 2:

    deducunt socii navis et litora conplent,

    Verg. A. 3, 71:

    conplebant Laidos aedes (amatores),

    Prop. 2, 6, 1:

    corpora quae loca complerent,

    occupy space, Lucr. 1, 522:

    legiones cum loca Camporum complent,

    id. 2, 324:

    milites complent murum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 27:

    vigiles domum Flavii complevere,

    Tac. H. 3, 69; id. A. 15, 33:

    scrobem ad medium,

    Col. Arb. 4, 5:

    non bene urnam,

    Ov. M. 12, 616:

    vascula,

    Quint. 1, 2, 28:

    paginam,

    to fill out, write full, Cic. Att. 13, 34 fin.:

    speluncas, of the winds,

    Lucr. 6, 197.—
    (β).
    With abl. of material, etc.:

    fossas sarmentis et virgultis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 18:

    totum prope caelum... humano genere conpletum est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28:

    mundum animorum multitudine,

    id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    bestiis omnium gentium circum conplere,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4:

    naufragorum trepidatione passim natantium flumen conpleverunt,

    id. 42, 62, 6:

    Hispanias Gallias Italiam monumentis ingentium rerum,

    id. 30, 28, 4:

    quos (gradus) ubi accusator concitatis hominibus complerat,

    Cic. Clu. 34, 93:

    munus Apolline dignum libris,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 217:

    late loca milite,

    Verg. A. 2, 495:

    naves serpentibus,

    Nep. Hann. 11, 6:

    amphoras plumbo,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    statuas aëneas pecuniā,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    horrea messibus,

    Luc. 3, 66:

    complentur moenia et tecta maerentium turbā,

    Tac. A. 3, 1:

    Palatium multitudine et clamoribus complebant,

    id. ib. 14, 61:

    virgultibus et cratibus et corporibus exanimis complere lossas,

    id. ib. 4, 51; cf.

    also: et terrae... stirpium renovatione complentur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    conviviumque vicinorum cottidie conpleo,

    Cic. Sen. 14, 46:

    cum completus jam mercatorum carcer esset,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

    quae causa... ararum conpleverit urbis,

    Lucr. 5, 1162.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In milit. lang.
    a.
    To make the army, a legion, etc., of a full number, to complete, fill up:

    legiones in itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

    cohortes pro numero militum complet,

    Sall. C. 56, 1; Nep. Milt. 5, 1:

    legione completā per maniplos,

    Sil. 8, 119.—
    b.
    To man, fill with men:

    classem Romanam sociis navalibus,

    Liv. 24, 11, 9:

    naves colonis pastoribusque,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 56; cf.:

    has (naves) sagittariis tormentisque compleverunt,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    naves bis denas aut plures,

    Verg. A. 11, 327 Serv.—
    2.
    To fill, impregnate:

    alias (mulieres),

    Lucr. 4, 1249; 4, 1275.—
    3.
    Transf., of light, sound, etc. (freq.).
    a.
    To fill with light, maké full:

    ut cuncta suā luce conpleat (sol),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    mundum suā luce,

    id. N. D. 2, 46, 119:

    terras largā luce,

    id. ib. 2, 19, 43:

    orbem (luna),

    Tib. 2, 4, 18:

    lunae se cornua lumine complent,

    Verg. A. 3, 645:

    quod maria ac terras omnis caelumque rigando Conpleat (sol),

    Lucr. 5, 595.—
    b.
    To fill with sound, cause to resound, etc., to fill, make full:

    omnia clamoribus,

    Lucr. 4, 1014:

    omnia vocibus,

    id. 5, 1065:

    nemus querellis,

    id. 2, 358; cf.:

    nemus timendā voce,

    Hor. Epod. 6, 9:

    aëra tinnitibus et murmure,

    Ov. M. 14, 537:

    atria ululatu,

    id. ib. 5, 153:

    atria fremitu,

    id. ib. 5, 3 et saep.:

    fremitu aequora,

    Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 37:

    aures (sonus),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    caelum clamore,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 798: aures sermonibus, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olyb. 31: clamor omnia variis terrentium ac paventium vocibus complet, Liv. 5, 21, 11.—
    c.
    Of odors, etc.:

    omnia primo motu ac spiritu suo, vini, unguenti, corporis odore complesset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 31; cf. Veg. Vet. 1, 17, 3. —
    4.
    Transf., to cover, overwhelm:

    Dianam (i. e. simulacrum) coronis et floribus,

    i. e. to deck, adorn, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77:

    vortentibus Telebois telis conplebantur corpora,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 95.—
    5.
    To fill, sate with food or drink:

    multo cibo et potione,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

    se flore Liberi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8:

    haec avis scribitur conchis se solere conplere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To supply fully, furnish abundantly:

    exercitum omni copiā,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin. —
    B.
    To fill with any notion, story, desire, humor, passion:

    completi sunt animi auresque vestrae, me... obsistere, etc.,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    reliquos (milites) bonā spe,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

    aliquem gaudio,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69:

    taedio,

    Quint. 8, 6, 14:

    animos robore,

    Luc. 5, 412:

    omnia luctu,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    omnia terrore,

    Liv. 34, 9, 13:

    cuncta pavore,

    Curt. 3, 13, 10 al. —With gen.:

    aliquem erroris et dementiae,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 9:

    aliquem flagitii et formidinis,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 3.—
    C.
    To make complete or perfect, to finish; of a promise, to fulfil it:

    lustrationem (annuam) menstruo spatio (luna),

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87; cf. Verg. A. 5, 46:

    his rebus completis legiones reduci jussit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 (Dinter, ex conj., comparatis):

    nocturnum erat sacrum, ita ut ante mediam noctem conpleretur,

    Liv. 23, 35, 15:

    studia,

    Gell. 13, 5:

    conplent ea beatissimam vitam,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71; cf. id. ib. 3, 13, 43; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

    summam promissi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 49, § 116:

    rerum humanarum sorte completā,

    Curt. 10, 6, 6 al. —
    2.
    Of time, to finish, complete:

    Gorgias centum et septem conplevit annos,

    Cic. Sen. 5, 13:

    cum VII. et LXX. annos complesset,

    Nep. Att. 21, 1:

    Corvinus centesimum annum complevit,

    Val. Max. 8, 13, 1; Lact. Op. Dei, 4, 3; cf.:

    sua fata,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 77:

    sua tempora,

    id. M. 15, 816:

    quinque saecula vitae suae,

    id. ib. 15, 395:

    materna tempora,

    i. e. the time of pregnancy, id. ib. 3, 312; cf. id. ib. 11, 311:

    semel quadrigis, semel desultore misso, vix unius horae tempus utrumque curriculum conplebat,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4.—Hence, complētus, a, um, P. a.
    * A.
    Prop., filled full, full: alveus Tiberis ruderibus, * Suet. Aug. 30.—
    B.
    Trop., complete, perfect:

    completus et perfectus verborum ambitus,

    Cic. Or. 50, 168.—
    * Comp., Gell. 1, 7, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conpleo

  • 11 dēfendō

        dēfendō dī, sus, ere,    to ward off, repel, avert, keep off: bellum, Cs.: ad defendendos ictūs, Cs.: solis ardores: frigus, H.: vim, Cs.: furorem, V.: crimen, to answer, L.: ignem a tectis, O.: solstitium pecori, V.: aestatem capellis, H.—To defend, guard, protect, cover: amicos, Cs.: se armis, Cs.: oppidum, Cs.: scribam apud praetores: illum de ambitu: scelus: communem salutem: vicem rhetoris, to sustain, H.: aedes Vestae vix defensa est (sc. ab incendio), preserved, L.: aper, quam Defendit palus, protected, V.: Defendens piscīs mare, H.: se suaque ab iis, Cs.: gladio se a multitudine, S.: provinciam a metu calamitatis: myrtos a frigore, V.: ab incendio lapis defendit, Cs.: sese adversus populum: auctoritatem contra omnīs: quae (navis) defenderet ne provincia spoliaretur: paucis defendentibus, Cs.: utrum moenibus defenderent, an, etc., make a stand at, N.—Of speech, to defend, support, maintain, insist, allege in defence: cum idem defenderet quod Accius: me id maxime defendisse, ut, etc., have chiefly striven for: id recte factum esse defendes?: eos omnīs liberos esse: quae cur non cadant in sapientem.— To refute, repel: crimen: noxiam, T.
    * * *
    defendere, defendi, defensus V TRANS
    defend/guard/protect, look after; act/speak/plead/write for defense; prosecute; repel, fend/ward off, avert/prevent; support/preserve/maintain; defend (right)

    Latin-English dictionary > dēfendō

  • 12 saturo

    sătŭro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [satur], to fill, glut, cloy, satiate (rare but class.; syn. satio).
    I.
    Lit.:

    animalia duce naturā mammas appetunt earumque ubertate saturantur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128:

    armenta,

    Verg. A. 8, 213:

    nec cytiso saturantur apes,

    id. E. 10, 30:

    caede leones,

    Ov. M. 10, 541; id. Am. 2, 16, 25:

    testudines,

    Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 36:

    saturabat glebula talis Patrem ipsum,

    Juv. 14, 166:

    famem,

    i. e. to satisfy, appease, Claud. Phoen. 13; Vulg. Deut. 14, 29 et saep. —
    B.
    Transf., in gen., to fill, furnish abundantly, saturate with a thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    nec saturare fimo pingui pudeat sola,

    Verg. G. 1, 80:

    novalia stercore,

    Col. 2, 9, 15:

    betam multo stercore,

    Pall. Febr. 24, 10:

    jejunia terrae fimo, Col. poët. 10, 82: culta aquis,

    i. e. to water, irrigate, Mart. 8, 28, 4; cf.: pallam Tyrio murice, to saturate, to dye or color richly, Ov. M. 11, 166; Mart. 8, 48, 5; Claud. in Ruf. 1, 208:

    capillum multo amomo,

    to anoint, Stat. S. 3, 4, 82:

    tabulas pice,

    to smear, cover, Vitr. 10, 11 fin.; cf.:

    aditus murium querno cinere,

    Pall. 1, 35, 11:

    horrea,

    to fill, stuff, Lucil. Aetn. 266.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to fill, satisfy, content, sate:

    mens erecta saturataque bonarum cogitationum epulis,

    Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61:

    homines saturati honoribus,

    id. Planc. 8, 20:

    ex eorum agris atque urbibus expleti atque saturati cum hoc cumulo quaestus decederent,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 42, § 100:

    saturavi perfidiam et scelus proditorum,

    id. Dom. 17, 44; Cat. 64, 220:

    saturavit se sanguine civium,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 59:

    crudelitatem,

    to satisfy, sate, id. Vatin. 3, 6.—In a Gr. construction: Juno necdum antiquum saturata dolorem, not yet satisfied or assuaged, Verg. A. 5, 608.—
    * B.
    In partic., subject. (for the usu. satio), to cause to loathe, to make weary of or disgusted with a thing: hae res vitae me saturant, * Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 18.—Hence, sătŭ-rātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.); of color, full, rich:

    color saturatior,

    Plin. 21, 8, 22, § 46.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > saturo

  • 13 subpono

    sup-pōno ( subp-), pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. supposivi, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 9:

    supposivit,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 30; part. sync. supposta, Verg. A. 6, 24; Sil. 3, 90), v. a., to put, place, or set under (freq. and class.; cf.: submitto, subicio).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    anatum ova gallinis saepe supponimus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 124; Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 9; Col. 8, 5, 4:

    (orat) sub cratim uti jubeas sese supponi,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 65:

    caput et stomachum supponere fontibus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 8:

    cervicem polo,

    Ov. F. 5, 180:

    colla oneri,

    id. R. Am. 171:

    tauros jugo,

    to yoke, id. M. 7, 118:

    olivam prelo,

    Col. 12, 49, 9:

    tectis agrestibus ignem,

    Ov. F. 4, 803:

    Massica caelo vina sereno,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 51:

    agresti fano pecus,

    to place under, to drive under cover of, Ov. F. 4, 756:

    aliquem tumulo (terrae, humo, etc.),

    i. e. to bury, id. Tr. 3, 3, 68; id. Ib. 153; id. Am. 3, 9, 48:

    terrae dentes,

    i. e. to sow, id. M. 3, 102:

    falcem maturis aristis,

    to apply, Verg. G. 1, 348: cultros, to apply (to the throat of cattle to be slaughtered), id. A. 6, 248; id. G. 3, 492:

    incedis per ignes Suppositos cineri doloso,

    hidden under, Hor. C. 2, 1, 8:

    his igitur rebus subjectis suppositisque,

    i. e. under the earth, Lucr. 6, 543:

    nil ita sublime est... Non sit ut inferius suppositumque deo,

    subjected, subject, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 48.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To put in the place of another, to substitute for another person or thing (syn. substituo):

    meliorem, quam ego sum, suppono tibi,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 6:

    aliquem in alicujus locum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72; 2, 5, 30, § 78:

    in quarum (mulierum) locum juvenes,

    Just. 7, 3, 6:

    se reum criminibus illis pro rege,

    Cic. Deiot. 15, 42:

    stannum et aurichalcum pro auro et argento,

    Suet. Vit. 5 fin.:

    operae nostrae vicaria fides amicorum supponitur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 111.—
    2.
    To substitute falsely or fraudulently, to falsify, forge, counterfeit:

    (puella) herae meae supposita est parva,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 49; so,

    puerum, puellam,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 11; id. Truc. 1, 1, 71; 2, 4, 50; 4, 3, 30; Ter. Eun. prol. 39; 5, 3, 3; Liv. 3, 44, 9 al.:

    qui suppositā personā falsum testamentum obsignandum curaverit,

    Cic. Clu. 44, 125:

    testamenta falsa supponere,

    id. Leg. 1, 16, 43; so,

    testamenta,

    id. Par. 6, 1, 43: quos (equos) daedala Circe Suppositā de matre nothos furata creavit, substituted deceptively, spurious (because mortal), Verg. A. 7, 283:

    trepidat, ne suppositus venias, ac falso nomine poscas,

    Juv. 1, 98.—
    3.
    To place as a pledge, hypothecate, Dig. 27, 9 lemm. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to add, annex, subjoin (syn. subjungo):

    huic generi Hermagoras partes quattuor supposuit,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 9, 12; 1, 6, 8:

    exemplum epistolae,

    id. Att. 8, 6, 3:

    rationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 23, 70; 2, 21, 63. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., to make subject, to subject, submit:

    aethera ingenio suo,

    Ov. F. 1, 306:

    me tibi supposui,

    Pers. 5, 36.—
    * 2.
    To set beneath, to esteem less:

    Latio supposuisse Samon,

    Ov. F. 6, 48.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subpono

  • 14 suppono

    sup-pōno ( subp-), pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. supposivi, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 9:

    supposivit,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 30; part. sync. supposta, Verg. A. 6, 24; Sil. 3, 90), v. a., to put, place, or set under (freq. and class.; cf.: submitto, subicio).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    anatum ova gallinis saepe supponimus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 124; Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 9; Col. 8, 5, 4:

    (orat) sub cratim uti jubeas sese supponi,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 65:

    caput et stomachum supponere fontibus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 8:

    cervicem polo,

    Ov. F. 5, 180:

    colla oneri,

    id. R. Am. 171:

    tauros jugo,

    to yoke, id. M. 7, 118:

    olivam prelo,

    Col. 12, 49, 9:

    tectis agrestibus ignem,

    Ov. F. 4, 803:

    Massica caelo vina sereno,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 51:

    agresti fano pecus,

    to place under, to drive under cover of, Ov. F. 4, 756:

    aliquem tumulo (terrae, humo, etc.),

    i. e. to bury, id. Tr. 3, 3, 68; id. Ib. 153; id. Am. 3, 9, 48:

    terrae dentes,

    i. e. to sow, id. M. 3, 102:

    falcem maturis aristis,

    to apply, Verg. G. 1, 348: cultros, to apply (to the throat of cattle to be slaughtered), id. A. 6, 248; id. G. 3, 492:

    incedis per ignes Suppositos cineri doloso,

    hidden under, Hor. C. 2, 1, 8:

    his igitur rebus subjectis suppositisque,

    i. e. under the earth, Lucr. 6, 543:

    nil ita sublime est... Non sit ut inferius suppositumque deo,

    subjected, subject, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 48.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To put in the place of another, to substitute for another person or thing (syn. substituo):

    meliorem, quam ego sum, suppono tibi,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 6:

    aliquem in alicujus locum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72; 2, 5, 30, § 78:

    in quarum (mulierum) locum juvenes,

    Just. 7, 3, 6:

    se reum criminibus illis pro rege,

    Cic. Deiot. 15, 42:

    stannum et aurichalcum pro auro et argento,

    Suet. Vit. 5 fin.:

    operae nostrae vicaria fides amicorum supponitur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 111.—
    2.
    To substitute falsely or fraudulently, to falsify, forge, counterfeit:

    (puella) herae meae supposita est parva,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 49; so,

    puerum, puellam,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 11; id. Truc. 1, 1, 71; 2, 4, 50; 4, 3, 30; Ter. Eun. prol. 39; 5, 3, 3; Liv. 3, 44, 9 al.:

    qui suppositā personā falsum testamentum obsignandum curaverit,

    Cic. Clu. 44, 125:

    testamenta falsa supponere,

    id. Leg. 1, 16, 43; so,

    testamenta,

    id. Par. 6, 1, 43: quos (equos) daedala Circe Suppositā de matre nothos furata creavit, substituted deceptively, spurious (because mortal), Verg. A. 7, 283:

    trepidat, ne suppositus venias, ac falso nomine poscas,

    Juv. 1, 98.—
    3.
    To place as a pledge, hypothecate, Dig. 27, 9 lemm. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to add, annex, subjoin (syn. subjungo):

    huic generi Hermagoras partes quattuor supposuit,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 9, 12; 1, 6, 8:

    exemplum epistolae,

    id. Att. 8, 6, 3:

    rationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 23, 70; 2, 21, 63. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., to make subject, to subject, submit:

    aethera ingenio suo,

    Ov. F. 1, 306:

    me tibi supposui,

    Pers. 5, 36.—
    * 2.
    To set beneath, to esteem less:

    Latio supposuisse Samon,

    Ov. F. 6, 48.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > suppono

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